4.Validating and Supporting Arguments If a proposition or idea is not supported with evidence, then it is not substantiated. In academic writing, referencing provides necessary evidence to validate, support and substantiate claims. Evidence needs to be accessible so that it can be checked to withstand the critical scrutiny of others. All referencing is designed to provide a standardised framework for this checking and validation to happen. Remember: If you make a claim, assertion or argument, you need to substantiate it with a valid reference.
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3. Connecting Your Work to Others Knowledge is rarely isolated to one single idea, but rather is a construction of numerous related concepts that connect and spread: the past connects with the present and has an impact on the future. Arguments are developed in academic writing in a similar way to how a spider builds its web - with carefully engineered connections that join idea to idea. An argument is advanced in one section, but then countered or interconnected to others, and how this is shown is by the support of referencing. Referencing enables you to show that you are part of a much larger research world - a field of study or a discipline.